McLaurin uses the same classroom, library and cafeteria as students of other races; there is no indication that the seats to which he is assigned in these rooms have any disadvantage of location. Appellant, having been admitted to a state-supported graduate school, must receive the same treatment at the hands of the state as students of other races. Supreme Court 339 U.S. 637 70 S.Ct. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher As a result of the amended Oklahoma law, the plaintiff was assigned to sit in a row of classroom seats reserved for African American students, had to sit at an assigned table in the library, and, while he was allowed to eat in the cafeteria, he had a designated table. She has been a classroom teacher for the past ten years. Pursuant to a requirement of state law, 70 Okla. Stat. City of Cleburne v. Cleburne Living Center, Inc. Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Education Expense Board v. College Savings Bank, Board of Trustees of the University of Alabama v. 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Do you find this information helpful? They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Their own education and development will necessarily suffer to the extent that his training is unequal to that of his classmates. On appeal, the Supreme Court focused on the question of whether officials could treat a student at a state university differently from other students based solely on his race. Accordingly, the high court reversed the decision of the U.S. District Court, requiring the University of Oklahoma to remove the restrictions under which McLaurin was attending the institution. Appellants case represents, perhaps, the epitome of that need, for he is attempting to obtain an advanced degree in education, to become, by definition, a leader and trainer of others. Appellant [339 U.S. 637, 640] was thereupon admitted to the University of Oklahoma Graduate School. A small donation would help us keep this available to all. George McLaurin George McLaurin was the first African American student admitted to the University of Oklahoma. WebIn 1892, Homer Plessy who was seven-eighths Caucasian agreed to participate in a test to challenge the Act. Hoping to earn a doctorate in education, he applied for admission to graduate study at Oklahoma's all Those who will come under his guidance and influence must be directly affected by the education he receives. WebBoard of Regents of the University of Oklahoma, 332 U.S. 631; cf. All rights reserved. To remove these conditions, appellant filed a motion to modify the order and judgment of the District Court. (1941) 455, 456, 457, which made it a misdemeanor to maintain or operate, teach or attend a school at which both whites and Negroes are enrolled or taught. Ablack citizen of Oklahoma possessing a master's degree was admitted to the Graduate School of the state-supported University of Oklahoma as a candidate for a doctorate in education and was permitted to use the same classroom, library and cafeteria as white students. For some time, the section of the classroom in which appellant sat was surrounded by a rail on which there was a sign stating, "Reserved For Colored," but these have been removed. Decided June 5, 1950. 1161, 3 A.L.R.2d 441. 87 F. Supp. 0000002024 00000 n 1149 (1950), the African-American plaintiff was a graduate student who claimed he had been denied equal educational opportunities because he was required to sit in special seats or at a special table designated for African-Americans. Dist. Ann. Mullane v. Central Hanover Bank & Trust Co. Cleveland Board of Education v. Loudermill, Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health, Cumming v. Richmond County Board of Education, Davis v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, Griffin v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, Green v. County School Board of New Kent County, United States v. Montgomery County Board of Education, Alexander v. Holmes County Board of Education, Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education. It was not until 1950 that the Supreme Court ruled that the treatment must be equal between White and African American students. The Supreme Court also held that officials at the University of Oklahoma had violated the plaintiffs right to equal protection of the laws by denying him an education that was equal to that of his peers. WebG.W. 87 F. Supp. No. The primary purpose of the 14th Amendment was to extend rights and protections found in the Constitution to the states. AFRICAN AMERICANS, BROOKSVILLE, CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT, ROSCOE DUNJEE, ADA LOIS SIPUEL FISHER, AMOS T. HALL, NAACP, SEGREGATION, UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA. The court summarily dismissed this argument, noting that the treatment set the plaintiff apart from other students, because he was still restricted as to where he could sit. U.S. Reports: McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. The experience needed for a good education could not be accomplished by physically separating McLaurin from his peers, and it disallowed him from working on many types of projects that involved one or more students, as well as participating in a discussion of any kind. Chief Justice Fred Vinson, writing for the court, held that the differential treatment given to McLaurin was itself a violation of the Fourteenth Amendment's equal protection clause: "Such restrictions impair and inhibit his ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession." Pp. Copyright to all articles and other content in the online and print versions of The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History is held by the Oklahoma Historical Society (OHS). 528; 1949 U.S. United States District Court W. D. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents is a case that was decided on June 5, 1950, by the United States Supreme Court holding that a state cannot treat a student differently on the basis of race. WebMcLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education et al. 528. U.S. Supreme Court Cases: Study Guide & Review, Johnson v. Eisentrager: Case Brief & Summary, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, Ruling of McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents. The U.S. Supreme Court held that "the conditions under which appellant is required to receive his education deprive him of his personal and present right to the equal protection of the laws, and the Fourteenth Amendment precludes such differences in treatment by the State based upon race.". Case Summary of Sweatt v. Painter: An African-American law school applicant was denied admission into the University of Texas Law School solely because of his race. WebIn 1948, George McLaurin applied to the University of Oklahoma's master's degree program in education. HM0O0wz,['+hQ#H pt}~es9p~(/W3&5YfqL4Q7F:6[QcsWP\~)gLBsDhjB`9L[{kNu2[/(DSm:o_zX?aEEn^)}UXR}2 wF%. McLaurin won the right to attend the University of Oklahoma; however, Oklahoma simply amended its laws to say that while African Americans could attend white institutions, they must be segregated. 851, 94 L.Ed. 1149 *637 **852 McLAURINv.OKLAHOMA STATE REGENTS FOR HIGHER EDUCATION et al. Argued April 3-4, 1950. Create an account to start this course today. Thus he was required to sit apart at a designated desk in an anteroom adjoining the classroom; to sit at a designated desk on the mezzanine floor of the library, but not to use the desks in the regular reading room; and to sit at a designated table and to eat at a different time from the other students in the school cafeteria. McLaurin argued that due to this treatment, he was being deprived of his rights under the 14 Amendment. The court did not believe that it was Constitutional to integrate different races and social classes. v In that ruling, the Supreme Court ruled that it was constitutional to segregate people, as long as each group received equal protection under the law. 0000001634 00000 n McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents (1950) was a case regarding higher education that was decided by the United States Supreme Court saying that colleges and universities could not segregate students under the Fourteenth Amendment. McLaurin successfully sued in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma to gain admission to the institution (87 F. Supp. 0000003722 00000 n Such restrictions impair and inhibit his ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession. In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637 (1950), the Court entertained an appeal from the judgment of a three-judge District Court upholding an Oklahoma statute providing that Negroes, though admissible to white graduate schools, must get that education on a segregated basis. (1941) 455, 456, 457, which made it a misdemeanor to maintain or operate, teach or attend a school at which both whites and Negroes are enrolled or taught. Why it matters: The Supreme Court's decision in this case established that the Equal Protection Clause prohibited states from treating students differently on the basis of race. That court held that such treatment did not violate the provisions of the Fourteenth Amendment and denied the motion. 1149], the Court, in requiring that a Negro admitted to a white graduate school be treated like all other students, again resorted to intangible considerations: " his ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession.". Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Decided June 5, 1950. It may be argued that appellant will be in no better position when these restrictions are removed, for he may still be set apart by his fellow students. The plaintiff, George W. McLaurin, who already had a master's degree in education, was first denied admission to the University of Oklahoma to pursue a Doctorate in Education degree. At that time, his application was denied, solely because of his race. 24 chapters | Held: the conditions under which appellant is required to receive his education deprive him of his personal and present right to the equal protection of the laws, and the Fourteenth Amendment precludes such differences in treatment by the State based upon race. His application was rejected because state law prohibited black 0000004461 00000 n Following this decision, the Oklahoma legislature amended these statutes to permit the admission of Negroes to institutions of higher learning attended by white students, in cases where such institutions offered courses not available in the Negro schools. Pursuant to a requirement of state law that the instruction of Negroes in institutions of higher education be "upon a segregated basis," however, he was assigned to a seat in the classroom in a row specified for Negro students, was assigned to a special table in the library, and, although permitted to eat in the cafeteria at the same time as other students, was assigned to a special table there. No. The proceedings below are stated in the opinion. v This case together with Sweatt v. Painter, which was decided the same day, marked the end of the separate but equal doctrine of Plessy v. Ferguson in graduate and professional education. WebMcLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents is a case that was decided on June 5, 1950, by the United States Supreme Court holding that a state cannot treat a student differently on the U.S. Supreme CourtMcLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637 (1950), McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education. WebMcLAURIN v. OKLAHOMA STATE REGENTS FOR HIGHER EDUCATION et al. The judgment is reversed. In the interval between the decision of the court below and the hearing in this Court, the treatment afforded appellant was altered. The judgment is Reversed. Village of Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing Development Corp. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, Crawford v. Los Angeles Board of Education, Board of Education of Oklahoma City v. Dowell, Northeastern Fla. Chapter, Associated Gen. Shelley v. Kraemer, 334 U.S. 1, 13-14 (1948). The Supreme Court made this decision unanimously in 1950. Make your practice more effective and efficient with Casetexts legal research suite. Out of this came the "separate but equal" policies of the post-Reconstruction South. In this case, the Court found that the State of Oklahoma had set the plaintiff student apart from the other students. Segregated basis is defined as classroom instruction given in separate classrooms, or at separate times. Id. We hold that under these circumstances the Fourteenth Amendment precludes differences in treatment by the state based upon race. 851, present different aspects of this general question: To what extent does the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment limit the power of a state to distinguish between students of different races in professional and graduate education in a state university? 4039. He was solicited by the Comite des Citoyens (Committee of Citizens), a group of New Orleans residents who sought to repeal the Act. That court held that such treatment did not violate the provisions of the Fourteenth Amendment and denied the motion. In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637, 70 S.Ct. But they signify that the State, in administering the facilities it affords for professional and graduate study, sets McLaurin apart from the other students. In the McLaurin case, the U.S. Supreme Court found that the University of Oklahoma had violated the equal protection clause because the experience needed for a good education could not be accomplished by physically separating McLaurin. That court held that such treatment did not violate the provisions of the Fourteenth Amendment and denied the motion. In the interval between the decision of the court below and the hearing in this Court, the treatment afforded appellant was altered. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education MR. CHIEF JUSTICE VINSON delivered the opinion of the Court. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, an important case leading up to the U.S. Supreme Court's 1954 decision in Brown v. Board of Education, struck down the Oklahoma statute that mandated segregation in education. The University admitted McLaurin but provided him separate facilities, including a special table in the cafeteria, a designated desk in the library, a desk just outside the classroom doorway, and sometimes even made him eat at different times than the other students. 1149 (1950), the petitioner, who was black, was admitted to the state's formerly white only graduate school, but was compelled to sit in a "colored only" row in the classroom, a "colored only" table in the library and a "colored only" table for meals in the cafeteria. McLaurin won the right to attend the University of Oklahoma without being segregated in any way from his peers. These restrictions were obviously imposed in order to comply, as nearly as could be, with the statutory requirements of Oklahoma. Brown v. Board of Education WebO'Connor. Tech: Matt Latourelle Ryan Burch Kirsten Corrao Beth Dellea Travis Eden Tate Kamish Margaret Kearney Eric Lotto Joseph Sanchez. Pp. Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad Co. Harper v. Virginia State Board of Elections, San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez, Massachusetts Board of Retirement v. Murgia, New York City Transit Authority v. Beazer. The Voting Rights Act Age 17 The Voting Rights Act prohibits racial discrimination in voting. The school authorities were required to exclude him by the Oklahoma statutes, 70 Okl.Stat. Since McLauren did not have access to this aspect of his education, he was being denied an equal education to that of his peers. - Discoveries, Timeline & Facts, Presidential Election of 1848: Summary, Candidates & Results, Lord Charles Cornwallis: Facts, Biography & Quotes, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand: Quotes & Biography, Who is Jose de San Martin? Those who will come under his guidance and influence must be directly affected by the education he receives. The removal of the state restrictions will not necessarily abate individual and group predilections, prejudices and choices. Forego a bottle of soda and donate its cost to us for the information you just learned, and feel good about helping to make it available to everyone. APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE WESTERN DISTRICT OF OKLAHOMA. He may wait in line in the cafeteria and there stand and talk with his fellow students, but while he eats he must remain apart. [1], Chief Justice Frederick Vinson, writing for the court, argued that the actions of the University of Oklahoma violated the student's constitutional right to equal protection under the Fourteenth Amendment. Appellant is a Negro citizen of Oklahoma. Linda Joan Pitts (19451977) FamilySearch [ Footnote 1 ] The amendment adds the following proviso to each of the sections relating to mixed schools: Provided, that the provisions of this Section shall not apply to programs of instruction leading to a particular degree given at State owned or operated colleges or institutions of higher education of this State established for and/or used by the white race, where such programs of instruction leading to a particular degree are not given at colleges or institutions of higher education of this State established for and/or used by the colored race; provided further, that said programs of instruction leading to a particular degree shall be given at such colleges or institutions of higher education upon a segregated basis. 70 Okla. Stat. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637 (1950), was a United States Supreme Court case that prohibited racial segregation in state supported graduate or professional education. Please select which sections you would like to print: Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. [3], McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents established that the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment prohibited states from treating students differently on the basis of race. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Where conditions exist where a student of color is required to receive his education deprive him of his personal and present right to the equal protection of the laws such circumstances the, Reversing, the Supreme Court of the United States held that a state could not treat a student differently from other students on the basis of race as the, Don't Miss Important Points of Law with BARBRI Outlines (Login Required). Klarman elaborates on the social, political, and economic factors that shaped the judicial rulings on this case, as well as the many ways in which the final In a unanimous decision authored by Chief Justice Fred M. Vinson, the Supreme Court reversed the lower courts decision. %PDF-1.4 % This appeal followed. The proceedings below are stated in the opinion. 0000062723 00000 n But they signify that the State, in administering the facilities it affords for professional and graduate study, sets McLaurin apart from the other students. See Sweatt v. Painter, ante, p. 629. The federal court in Oklahoma City upheld the discrimination, observing that the Constitution "does not abolish distinctions based upon race . [1], The Supreme Court decided unanimously to reverse the decision of the United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma. Those who will come under his guidance and influence must be directly affected by the education he receives. (c) Having been admitted to a state-supported graduate school, appellant must receive the same treatment at the hands of the State as students of other races. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, an important case leading up to the U.S. Supreme Court's 1954 decision in Brown v. Board of Education, struck down the Oklahoma statute that mandated McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637 (1950), was a United States Supreme Court case that prohibited racial segregation in state supported graduate or professional education. Use this button to switch between dark and light mode.

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